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A Higher Dose of Vitamin D Reduces the Risk of Falls in Nursing Home Residents: A Randomized, Multiple‐Dose Study
Author(s) -
Broe Kerry E.,
Chen Tai C.,
Weinberg Janice,
BischoffFerrari Heike A.,
Holick Michael F.,
Kiel Douglas P.
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
journal of the american geriatrics society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.992
H-Index - 232
eISSN - 1532-5415
pISSN - 0002-8614
DOI - 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2007.01048.x
Subject(s) - medicine , placebo , rate ratio , confidence interval , randomized controlled trial , incidence (geometry) , nursing homes , vitamin d and neurology , physical therapy , vitamin , nursing , physics , alternative medicine , pathology , optics
OBJECTIVES: To determine the effect of four vitamin D supplement doses on falls risk in elderly nursing home residents. DESIGN: Secondary data analysis of a previously conducted randomized clinical trial. SETTING: Seven hundred twenty‐five‐bed long‐term care facility. PARTICIPANTS: One hundred twenty‐four nursing home residents (average age 89). INTERVENTION: Participants were randomly assigned to receive one of four vitamin D supplement doses (200 IU, 400 IU, 600 IU, or 800 IU) or placebo daily for 5 months. MEASUREMENTS: Number of fallers and number of falls assessed using facility incident tracking database. RESULTS: Over the 5‐month study period, the proportion of participants with falls was 44% in the placebo group (11/25), 58% (15/26) in the 200 IU group, 60% (15/25) in the 400 IU group, 60% (15/25) in the 600 IU group, and 20% (5/23) in the 800 IU group. Participants in the 800 IU group had a 72% lower adjusted‐incidence rate ratio of falls than those taking placebo over the 5 months (rate ratio=0.28; 95% confidence interval=0.11–0.75). No significant differences were observed for the adjusted fall rates compared to placebo in any of the other supplement groups. CONCLUSION: Nursing home residents in the highest vitamin D group (800 IU) had a lower number of fallers and a lower incidence rate of falls over 5 months than those taking lower doses. Adequate vitamin D supplementation in elderly nursing home residents could reduce the number of falls experienced by this high falls risk group.