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Effect of Individualized Social Activity on Sleep in Nursing Home Residents with Dementia
Author(s) -
Richards Kathy Culpepper,
Beck Cornelia,
O'Sullivan Patricia S.,
Shue Valorie M.
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
journal of the american geriatrics society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.992
H-Index - 232
eISSN - 1532-5415
pISSN - 0002-8614
DOI - 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.53460.x
Subject(s) - medicine , sleep (system call) , dementia , physical therapy , randomized controlled trial , intervention (counseling) , gerontology , psychiatry , disease , computer science , operating system
Objectives: To test the efficacy of an individualized social activity intervention (ISAI) on decreasing daytime sleep, improving nighttime sleep, and lowering the day/night sleep ratio and to determine its cost. Design: Pretest/posttest randomized with an experimental and control group. Setting: Seven nursing homes. Participants: One hundred forty‐seven residents with dementia. Intervention: One to 2 hours of individualized social activities for 21 consecutive days. Measurements: Twenty‐four‐hour sleep/wake patterns using an Actigraph. Results: The ISAI group had significantly less daytime sleep ( P= .001) and a lower day/night sleep ratio ( P =.03) than the control group, after adjusting for baseline values. Because 40% of the sample slept 7 or more hours at night, a secondary analysis was conducted. When only those residents with a sleep efficiency of less than 50% (n=50) were included, the ISAI group (n=20) had less daytime sleep ( P =.005), a lower day/night sleep ratio ( P =.02), fell asleep faster ( P =.03), and were awake less at night ( P =.04) than the control group (n=30), after adjusting for baseline values. The weekly cost of the ISAI was roughly $70 per participant. Initial training and supply costs were $1,944. Conclusion: The ISAI provides an alternative to medications, without side effects.