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Global Sleep Satisfaction of Older People: The Jerusalem Cohort Study
Author(s) -
Jacobs Jeremy M.,
Cohen Aaron,
HammermanRozenberg Robert,
Stessman Jochanan
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
journal of the american geriatrics society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.992
H-Index - 232
eISSN - 1532-5415
pISSN - 0002-8614
DOI - 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.00579.x
Subject(s) - medicine , loneliness , psychosocial , depression (economics) , cohort , gerontology , self rated health , demography , overweight , cohort study , obesity , feeling , psychiatry , psychology , social psychology , pathology , sociology , economics , macroeconomics
OBJECTIVES: To describe the nature of global sleep satisfaction (GSS) of older people and the factors associated with it. DESIGN: A 7‐year follow‐up of an age‐homogenous cohort. SETTING: Community based. PARTICIPANTS: Two hundred ninety subjects aged 70 at baseline and 77 at follow‐up. MEASUREMENTS: Self‐reported sleep domains and a comprehensive assessment of health variables, including psychosocial, physical, and functional factors, at ages 70 and 77. RESULTS: GSS was found to be poor in 25% of subjects at ages 70 and 77, with an estimated average annual remission rate of 7% and an annual incidence of 2.4%. Poor GSS at ages 70 and 77 was significantly associated with difficulty falling asleep, awakening feeling tired, two or more nocturnal awakenings, and taking sleeping tablets. Significant cross‐sectional associations were found at age 70 and 77 between poor GSS and poor self‐rated health, general fatigue, depression, dependence in one or more activities of daily living, and low level of physical activity. In a regression analysis, risk factors at age 70 for subsequent poor GSS were loneliness, depression, poor self‐rated health, economic difficulties, back pain, obesity, and prior poor GSS. The only significant long‐term association was between poor GSS and poor self‐rated health. GSS did not influence mortality data. CONCLUSION: Poor GSS in older people is common and chronic. Its chief determinants are loneliness, depression, poor self‐rated health, economic difficulties, back pain, and obesity. It predicts poor self‐rated health but not increased mortality.