Premium
Footwear Style and Risk of Falls in Older Adults
Author(s) -
Koepsell Thomas D.,
Wolf Marsha E.,
Buchner David M.,
Kukull Walter A.,
LaCroix Andrea Z.,
Tencer Allan F.,
Frankenfeld Cara L.,
Tautvydas Milda,
Larson Eric B.
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
journal of the american geriatrics society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.992
H-Index - 232
eISSN - 1532-5415
pISSN - 0002-8614
DOI - 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2004.52412.x
Subject(s) - medicine , fall prevention , injury prevention , odds ratio , poison control , barefoot , occupational safety and health , confidence interval , suicide prevention , demography , gerontology , human factors and ergonomics , physical therapy , life style , environmental health , pathology , sociology
Objectives: To determine how the risk of a fall in an older adult varies in relation to style of footwear worn. Design: Nested case‐control study. Setting: Group Health Cooperative, a large health maintenance organization in Washington state. Participants: A total of 1,371 adults aged 65 and older were monitored for falls over a 2‐year period; 327 qualifying fall cases were compared with 327 controls matched on age and sex. Measurements: Standardized in‐person examinations before fall occurrence, interviews about fall risk factors after the fall occurred, and direct examination of footwear were conducted. Questions for controls referred to the last time they engaged in an activity broadly similar to what the case was doing at the time of the fall. Results: Athletic and canvas shoes (sneakers) were the styles of footwear associated with lowest risk of a fall. Going barefoot or in stocking feet was associated with sharply increased risk, even after controlling for measures of health status (adjusted odds ratio=11.2, 95% confidence interval (CI)=2.4–51.8). Relative to athletic/canvas shoes, other footwear was associated with a 1.3‐fold increase in the risk of a fall (95% CI=0.9–1.9), varying somewhat by style. Conclusion: Contrary to findings from gait‐laboratory studies, athletic shoes were associated with relatively low risk of a fall in older adults during everyday activities. Fall risk was markedly increased when participants were not wearing shoes.