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Fall Prevention in Residential Care: A Cluster, Randomized, Controlled Trial
Author(s) -
Kerse Ngaire,
Butler Meg,
Robinson Elizabeth,
Todd Maree
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
journal of the american geriatrics society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.992
H-Index - 232
eISSN - 1532-5415
pISSN - 0002-8614
DOI - 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2004.52157.x
Subject(s) - medicine , fall prevention , rate ratio , incidence (geometry) , randomized controlled trial , confidence interval , cluster randomised controlled trial , intervention (counseling) , poison control , injury prevention , cluster (spacecraft) , occupational safety and health , physical therapy , gerontology , emergency medicine , nursing , surgery , programming language , physics , pathology , computer science , optics
Objectives: To establish the effectiveness of a fall‐prevention program in reducing falls and injurious falls in older residential care residents. Design: Cluster, randomized, controlled trial. Setting: Fourteen randomly selected residential care homes in Auckland, New Zealand. Participants: All older residents (n=628, 95% participation rate). Intervention: Residential care staff, using existing resources, implemented systematic individualized fall‐risk management for all residents using a fall‐risk assessment tool, high‐risk logo, and strategies to address identified risks. Measurements: Number of residents sustaining a fall, falls, and injurious‐falls incidence rates. Results: During 12 months of follow‐up, 103 (43%) residents in the control group and 173 (56%) residents in the intervention group fell ( P <.018). There was a significantly higher incidence rate of falls in intervention homes than in control homes (incident rate ratio=1.34, 95% confidence interval=1.06–1.72) during the intervention period after adjusting for dependency level (type of home), baseline fall rate, and clustering. There was no difference in the injurious fall incidence rate or incidence of serious injuries. Conclusion: This fall‐prevention intervention did not reduce falls or injury from falls. Low‐intensity intervention may be worse than usual care.