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Aerobic Exercise and Lumbar Spine Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women: A Meta‐Analysis
Author(s) -
Kelley George
Publication year - 1998
Publication title -
journal of the american geriatrics society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.992
H-Index - 232
eISSN - 1532-5415
pISSN - 0002-8614
DOI - 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1998.tb02530.x
Subject(s) - medicine , bone mineral , aerobic exercise , meta analysis , confidence interval , physical therapy , lumbar spine , bone density , lumbar vertebrae , lumbar , osteoporosis , surgery
PURPOSE : To use the meta‐analytic approach to examine the effects of aerobic exercise on lumbar spine bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. DATA SOURCES : Studies were retrieved from computer searches (MEDLINE, Current Contents) as well as cross‐referencing from the bibliographies of retrieved studies and review articles. STUDY SELECTION : A total of 17 effect sizes consisting of 330 subjects (192 exercise, 138 nonexercise) were included from the 10 studies that met the criteria for inclusion: (1) aerobic activity as the only exercise intervention, (2) postmenopausal women as subjects, (3) comparative nonexercise group included, (4) changes in lumbar spine bone mineral density reported, (5) studies published in English‐language journals between January 1975 and December 1994. DATA EXTRACTION : The primary outcome measure of interest was the treatment effect Δ 3 , defined as the percent change in lumbar spine bone mineral density, calculated by subtracting the percent change in the exercise group from the percent change in the nonexercise group. RESULTS : Using a fixed effects model, bootstrap analysis (10,000 replications) showed that significant changes in lumbar spine bone mineral density occurred (X̄ ± SD = 2.83 ± 0.77%, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.33 to 4.35%). This overall average increase was caused primarily by the loss of lumbar spine bone mineral density in the nonexercise group relative to the exercise group (X̄ ± SD, exercise = .32 ± 2.46%, 95% CI = −0.94 to 1.58; nonexercise = −2.51 ± 2.69%, 95% CI = −4.60 to −0.96). CONCLUSION : The results of this meta‐analysis suggest that aerobic exercise helps to maintain lumbar spine bone mineral density in postmenopausal women.