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Atrial Natriuretic Peptide Level Contributes to a Model of Future Mortality in the Oldest Old
Author(s) -
Knight Eric L.,
Kiely Dan K.,
Fish Loretta C.,
Marcantonio Edward R.,
Minaker Kenneth L.
Publication year - 1998
Publication title -
journal of the american geriatrics society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.992
H-Index - 232
eISSN - 1532-5415
pISSN - 0002-8614
DOI - 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1998.tb02465.x
Subject(s) - medicine , heart failure , relative risk , multivariate analysis , univariate analysis , subclinical infection , comorbidity , prospective cohort study , cohort study , natriuretic peptide , cardiology , atrial natriuretic peptide , confidence interval
OBJECTIVES: To determine if atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) level is associated with mortality in the oldest old and to develop a comprehensive model of mortality in the oldest old using clinical and laboratory parameters. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study with 7 years of follow‐up. SETTING: A 725‐bed life care facility. PARTICIPANTS: 282 frail older individuals (mean age 88, range 70–102). MEASUREMENTS: Variables measured included age, gender, Charlson Comorbidity Index, functional measurements, weight, blood pressure, and multiple laboratory variables, including ANP. Main outcome measurement was death. RESULTS: Eighty‐four percent (237/282) of subjects died during the 7‐year follow‐up period. On univariate analysis, the risk ratio (RR) for ANP tertile was 1.28. On bivariate analysis, adjusting for the development of congestive heart failure, the RR was 1.22. On multivariate analysis, the following variables were associated with mortality: ANP tertile (RR 1.24), age (RR 1.04), female gender (RR 0.43), Charlson Comorbidity Index score (RR 1.13), mentation score (RR 1.27), BUN/Cr ratio (RR 1.04), albumin level (RR 0.63), and hemoglobin level (RR 0.84). CONCLUSIONS: ANP level and other variables are independent risk factors for mortality in frail individuals. ANP level may indicate homeostatic failure to adapt to fluid volume changes or may reflect subclinical heart disease. ANP level contributes to a multivariate model of mortality in frail older individuals.