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Dementia, Agitation, and Care in the Nursing Home
Author(s) -
Aronson Miriam K.,
Post Donna Cox,
Guastadisegni Paul
Publication year - 1993
Publication title -
journal of the american geriatrics society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.992
H-Index - 232
eISSN - 1532-5415
pISSN - 0002-8614
DOI - 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1993.tb01886.x
Subject(s) - medicine , dementia , cognition , activities of daily living , long term care , cognitive test , gerontology , nursing , psychiatry , disease , pathology
Objective To examine the behavioral and functional problems of the cognitively impaired. Design A survey of a cohort of residents from six nursing homes. Participants Subjects were randomly selected based on a minimum age of 70 years and a Resource Utilization Group (RUG) classification of the Physical or Behavioral type. Of those eligible, 44% ( n = 366) agreed to participate. The participants and non‐participants had similar demographics except for a higher incidence of mental illness in the non‐participant group, which did not have a significant impact on agitation. Setting Six nursing homes in New York City, three voluntary non‐profit and three proprietary. Measurement The study used chart review, assessment of residents' cognitive and functional abilities, nursing assistants' ratings of residents' functional abilities, behavioral problems, and the amount of effort required in care, and time‐motion observations of staff‐resident interactions. Results Residents' level of cognitive impairment had a significant impact on problem behaviors during ADL tasks, along with supervision required in patient care ( P < 0.05). These results were validated by time‐motion analysis. Regression analysis revealed that for non‐demented subjects, the best indicator of care needs was health status, while for demented residents the best indicator was cognitive status ( P < 0.0003). Conclusions The care needs of residents with dementia are better estimated by a mental status test for cognitive impairment then by ADL assessment alone. Greater agitation is associated with increasing cognitive impairment. Further, agitation and behavioral problems associated with care result in a need for increased staff supervision.