A Structural Model of Functional Capacity in the Aged

The core problem in geriatrics is the continuous loss of adaptive capacity by bones, joints, brain, heart and lungs. Thus many old persons cannot take care of themselves any longer in matters of food, safety, body temperature and hygiene, the basic functions for human independence. Geriatricians agree about the basic functions that an elderly person should be able to perform. Only with such criteria can goals be defined more accurately and comparisons made of therapeutic efforts, leading to a higher level of efficiency in therapy, prognosis and care. A theoretical framework is proposed which may serve as a model for assessment of functional capacity in the aged patient. The model (hierarchic structure) has four components: household activities, mobility, activities of daily living, and function of the autonomic nervous system. No component covers more than five items. There is great need for studies on an international level so that assessments and treatments of elderly patients can be compared.