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Alcohol‐Induced Exacerbation of Ischemic Brain Injury: Role of NAD(P)H Oxidase
Author(s) -
Zhao Honggang,
Mayhan William G.,
Arrick Denise M.,
Xiong Wanfen,
Sun Hong
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
alcoholism: clinical and experimental research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.267
H-Index - 153
eISSN - 1530-0277
pISSN - 0145-6008
DOI - 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2010.01284.x
Subject(s) - apocynin , medicine , ischemia , superoxide , nadph oxidase , exacerbation , anesthesia , brain ischemia , nad(p)h oxidase , stroke (engine) , alcohol , endocrinology , pharmacology , chemistry , oxidative stress , biochemistry , enzyme , mechanical engineering , engineering
Background: Chronic alcohol consumption increases ischemic stroke and exacerbates ischemic brain injury. We determined the role of NAD(P)H oxidase in exacerbated ischemic brain injury during chronic alcohol consumption. Methods: Sprague Dawley rats were fed a liquid diet with or without alcohol (6.4% v/v) for 8 weeks. We measured the effect of apocynin on 2‐hour middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)/24‐hour reperfusion‐induced brain injury. In addition, superoxide production and expression of NAD(P)H oxidase subunit, gp91phox, in the peri‐infarct area were assessed. Results: Chronic alcohol consumption produced a larger infarct volume, worse neurological score, and higher superoxide production. Acute (5 mg/kg, ip, 30 minutes before MCAO) and chronic treatment with apocynin (7.5 mg/kg/d in the diet, 4 weeks prior to MCAO) reduced infarct volume, improved neurological outcome, and attenuated superoxide production in alcohol‐fed rats. Expression of gp91phox at basal conditions and following ischemia/reperfusion was greater in alcohol‐fed rats compared to non‐alcohol‐fed rats. In addition, neurons are partially responsible for upregulated gp91phox during alcohol consumption. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that NAD(P)H oxidase may play an important role in exacerbated ischemic brain injury during chronic alcohol consumption.