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Regulation of Human Monocyte Functions by Acute Ethanol Treatment: Decreased Tumor Necrosis Factorα, Interleukin‐lβ and Elevated Interleukin‐10, and Transforming Growth Factor‐β Production
Author(s) -
Szabo Gyongyi,
Mandrekar Pranoti,
Girouard Linda,
Catalano Donna
Publication year - 1996
Publication title -
alcoholism: clinical and experimental research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.267
H-Index - 153
eISSN - 1530-0277
pISSN - 0145-6008
DOI - 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1996.tb05269.x
Subject(s) - tumor necrosis factor α , tumor necrosis factor alpha , transforming growth factor , interleukin 19 , monocyte , interleukin , interleukin 2 , medicine , endocrinology , cancer research , cytokine , immunology , interleukin 5
We and others have previously shown that even acute ethanol exposure has the capacity to modulate immune functions, particularly monocyte functions. Herein, we tested the hypothesis that acute ethanol treatment inhibits inflammatory, while increasing inhibitory cytokine production in human blood monocytes that, in tum, could contribute to the overall immune abnormalities seen after alcohol use. Our data show that in vitro treatment of blood monocytes with a physiologically relevant dose of alcohol (W mM) results in significantly decreased induction of tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNFα) and interleukin (IL)‐lβ by bacterial stimulation of either Gram‐positive [staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB), 1 μg/ml of SEB] or Gram‐negative [lipopolysaccharide (LPS), 1 μg/ml of LPS] origin both at the protein and mRNA levels. In contrast, acute ethanol treatment induces monocyte production of mediators with immunoinhibitory potential, including transforming growth factor‐β and IL‐10. We further show that ethanol not only induces monocyte/macrophage (Mø) IL‐10 and transforming growth factor‐β, but even augments bacterial (both LPS and SEB) stimulation‐induced production of both of these cytokines. IL‐10 is a potent inhibitor of Mø TNFα production. We found that ethanol‐induced elevation in Mø IL‐10 levels contributes to the decreased Mø TNFα production to bacterial challenge in eth‐anol‐exposed Mø. However, mRNA levels for TNFα are downregu‐lated as early as 1.5 hr after ethanol treatment, suggesting that ethanol likely has an IL‐10 independent, direct effect on early signaling events of TNF α induction.