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Genetic Polymorphism and Activities of Human Colon Alcohol and Aldehyde Dehydrogenases: No Gender and Age Differences
Author(s) -
Yin ShihJiun,
Liao ChinShya,
Lee YeChan,
Wu ChewWun,
Jao ShuWen
Publication year - 1994
Publication title -
alcoholism: clinical and experimental research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.267
H-Index - 153
eISSN - 1530-0277
pISSN - 0145-6008
DOI - 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1994.tb00115.x
Subject(s) - aldehyde dehydrogenase , aldh2 , acetaldehyde , isozyme , alcohol dehydrogenase , biology , phenotype , ethanol metabolism , biochemistry , endocrinology , medicine , microbiology and biotechnology , alcohol , enzyme , ethanol , gene
Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) isoenzyme patterns from 69 (men, 47; women, 22) surgical colon mucosal specimens were identified by agarose isoelectric focusing. γ‐ADH was found to be the predominant form in the mucosa, whereas only β‐ADH was detectable in the muscle layer. ALDH1, ALDH2, and ALDH3 were detectable in the mucosa, with cytosolic ALDH1 being the major form. At pH 7.5, the ADH activities in the colon mucosae with the homozygous phenotype (exhibiting γ 1 γ 1 ) and the heterozygous phenotype (exhibiting γ 1 γ 1 , γ 1 γ 2 , γ 2 γ 2 ) were determined to be 183 ± 13 and 156 ± 30 nmol/min/g tissue, respectively. The ALDH activities in the ALDH2‐active and ALDH2‐inactive phenotypes were determined to be 40.2 ± 2.3 and 34.6 ± 2.0 nmol/min/g tissue, respectively. The lack of significant difference in the ALDH activities between these two phenotypic groups can be attributed to the very low expression of the mitochondrial ALDH2 in the colon mucosa. No significant differences in the ADH or the ALDH activities were found between the men and women studied and between the three age groups (20–40, 49–70, and 72–83 years). The ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid colons exhibited similar ADH and ALDH activities. The isoenzyme patterns of ADH and ALDH remained unaltered in colon carcinomas, except that a significant reduction of the enzyme activities was found in the cancer tissue as compared with the adjacent normal portions. it is concluded that human colon mucose exhibits significant amounts of ethanol‐ and acetaldehyde‐oxidizing activities.