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ABSENCE OF EVIDENCE IS NOT EVIDENCE OF ABSENCE: IS STEPHANODISCUS BINDERANUS (BACILLARIOPHYCEAE) AN EXOTIC SPECIES IN THE GREAT LAKES REGION? 1
Author(s) -
Hawryshyn Jessica,
Rühland Kathleen M.,
Julius Matthew,
Smol John P.
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
journal of phycology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.85
H-Index - 127
eISSN - 1529-8817
pISSN - 0022-3646
DOI - 10.1111/j.1529-8817.2012.01123.x
Subject(s) - subfossil , diatom , taxon , biology , eutrophication , ecology , introduced species , oceanography , sediment , paleolimnology , paleontology , holocene , geology , nutrient
The eutrophic, freshwater diatom species Stephanodiscus binderanus (Kütz.) Willi Krieg. has long been considered a nuisance exotic alga introduced from Eurasia to the Great Lakes in North America in the early to mid‐20th century. However, our paleolimnological data from Lake Simcoe, Ontario, provide unequivocal evidence that this taxon has been present in the Great Lakes region since at least the late 17th century. Subfossil diatom valves were identified and enumerated at high resolution in 210 Pb‐dated sediment cores from four sites across the lake. The taxonomic identification of S. binderanus was confirmed using SEM. The historical presence of this species in Lake Simcoe indicates somewhat naturally productive conditions and also refutes the idea that S. binderanus is a nonindigenous species to North America. This study underscores the caution that should be applied to questions of diatom (and protistan) distributions in time and space. Clearly, the absence of evidence is not evidence of absence.