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Clobazam, Oxcarbazepine, Tiagabine, Topiramate, and Other New Antiepileptic Drugs
Author(s) -
Fisher Robert,
Blum David
Publication year - 1995
Publication title -
epilepsia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.687
H-Index - 191
eISSN - 1528-1167
pISSN - 0013-9580
DOI - 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1995.tb05993.x
Subject(s) - oxcarbazepine , topiramate , tiagabine , clobazam , zonisamide , medicine , pharmacology , lamotrigine , carbamazepine , valproic acid , epilepsy , anesthesia , psychiatry
Summary: Clinical investigators recently have studied at least 21 new antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in people with epilepsy. This review briefly examines 15 of these new AEDs: clobazam (CLB), dezinamide, flunarizine (FNR), loreclezole, milacemide (MLM), MK‐801, nafimidone, ORG‐6370, oxcarbazepine (OCBZ), progabide (PGB), ralitoline, stiripentol, tiagabine (TGB), topiramate (TPM), and zonisamide (ZNS). CLB, PGB, and TGB represent agents that act on the GABA system, and MLM acts on the glycine system. MK‐801 and ZNS (in part) are excitatory amino acid antagonists, and FNR is a calcium‐channel antagonist. OCBZ is a keto analogue of carbam‐azepine, which is not metabolized to the epoxide and may have fewer side effects. The remaining agents are novel compounds with a variety of suspected mechanisms. TPM appears especially effective for intractable partial seizures but has a high incidence of cognitive side effects. None of these new AEDs is useful for all patients with inadequate seizure control or ongoing toxicity. The role of each will require further clinical study and experience.