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Methodological Issues in Systematic Reviews of Headache Trials: Adapting Historical Diagnostic Classifications and Outcome Measures to Present‐Day Standards
Author(s) -
McCrory Douglas C.,
Gray Rebecca N.,
TfeltHansen Peer,
Steiner Timothy J.,
Taylor Frederick R.
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
headache: the journal of head and face pain
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.14
H-Index - 119
eISSN - 1526-4610
pISSN - 0017-8748
DOI - 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2005.05097.x
Subject(s) - medicine , clinical trial , medical diagnosis , systematic review , medline , drug trial , alternative medicine , outcome (game theory) , physical therapy , intensive care medicine , pathology , political science , law , mathematics , mathematical economics
Recent efforts to make headache diagnostic classification and clinical trial methodology more consistent provide valuable advice to trialists generating new evidence on effectiveness of treatments for headache; however, interpreting older trials that do not conform to new standards remains problematic. Systematic reviewers seeking to utilize historical data can adapt currently recommended diagnostic classification and clinical trial methodological approaches to interpret all available data relative to current standards. In evaluating study populations, systematic reviewers can:(i) use available data to attempt to map study populations to diagnoses in the new International Classification of Headache Disorders; and (ii) stratify analyses based on the extent to which study populations are precisely specified.In evaluating outcome measures, systematic reviewers can:(i) summarize prevention studies using headache frequency, incorporating headache index in a stratified analysis if headache frequency is not available; (ii) summarize acute treatment studies using pain‐free response as reported in directly measured headache improvement or headache severity outcomes; and (iii) avoid analysis of recurrence or relapse data not conforming to the sustained pain‐free response definition.