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The Value of Biofeedback in the Treatment of Chronic Headache: a Four‐year Retrospective Study
Author(s) -
Diamond Seymour,
Montrose David
Publication year - 1984
Publication title -
headache: the journal of head and face pain
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.14
H-Index - 119
eISSN - 1526-4610
pISSN - 0017-8748
DOI - 10.1111/j.1526-4610.1984.hed2401005.x
Subject(s) - migraine , biofeedback , anxiety , minnesota multiphasic personality inventory , physical therapy , relaxation (psychology) , psychopathology , medicine , depression (economics) , psychology , retrospective cohort study , neurofeedback , personality , clinical psychology , psychiatry , surgery , social psychology , electroencephalography , economics , macroeconomics
SYNOPSIS A four‐year retrospective study was completed with 693 headache patients who had completed a specific biofeedback training program. Patients 18 years of age and over were also given a Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory to determine psychopathology, depression and anxiety levels, difficulty to motivate, and dependency. The purpose was to examine the long‐term effects of biofeedback training on headache problems. Patients seen between January 1977 and December 1980, ages 6 through 72, with migraine, muscle contraction, mixed migraine and muscle contraction, and cluster headache were mailed an invisibly‐coded 20‐item questionnaire.The effect of such variables as age at time of training, sex, headache diagnosis, elapsed time since training, periodic follow‐up (number of sessions), temperature training with instrumentation reinforcement and relaxation homework, the warm, supportive clinician/therapist relationship with positive expectations for the patient's success, and personality and psychological factors are predictive of success in the application of biofeedback to headache is discussed.