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The Effect of Cardiopulmonary Bypass and Hypothermic Circulatory Arrest on Hepatic Histology in Newborn Animals: An Experimental Study
Author(s) -
Tirilomis Theodor,
Zwiehoff Julia M.,
WaldmannBeushausen Regina,
Schneider Simon,
Schoendube Friedrich A.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
artificial organs
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.684
H-Index - 76
eISSN - 1525-1594
pISSN - 0160-564X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1525-1594.2012.01577.x
Subject(s) - cardiopulmonary bypass , medicine , deep hypothermic circulatory arrest , circulatory system , anesthesia , h&e stain , edema , apoptosis , immunohistochemistry , chemistry , biochemistry , cerebral perfusion pressure , cerebral blood flow
Still little is known about the effect of cardiac surgery on neonatal hepatic tissue. We examined the effect of cardiopulmonary bypass ( CPB ) and the effect of deep hypothermic circulatory arrest ( DHCA ) on neonatal hepatic tissue. Liver biopsies of neonatal piglets were taken after CPB ( n = 4), after DHCA ( n = 5), and after surgery without CPB (non‐ CPB ; n = 3). Additionally, findings were compared to those of control piglets ( n = 9). The liver specimens were fixed, stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and scored regarding inflammatory reaction, hepatocellular edema, and apoptosis. Inflammation score of treated groups was higher than in control; CPB 2.5 ± 0.5, DHCA 1.6 ± 0.4, non‐ CPB 1.2 ± 0.6, control 0.4 ± 0.3 ( P < 0.001 CPB and DHCA vs. control; P < 0.05 non‐ CPB vs. control). Hepatic cell edema was more evident after DHCA (score 2.0 ± 0.4 vs. 0.2 ± 0.3 in control and 0.6 ± 0.5 after CPB ; P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively). The highest apoptotic cell count was in the non‐ CPB group (22.3 ± 6.3 vs. 11.4 ± 3.6 in control and 8.9 ± 5.4 after CPB ; P < 0.05). The present study showed that (i) surgical trauma induces hepatic cell apoptosis; (ii) CPB increases hepatic inflammatory reaction; and (iii) DHCA amplifies hepatic cell edema.