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Liposome‐Encapsulated Hemoglobin Improves Energy Metabolism in Skeletal Muscle Ischemia and Reperfusion in the Rat
Author(s) -
Kurita Daisuke,
Kawaguchi Akira T.,
Aso Kensuke,
Yamano Mariko,
Minamitani Haruyuki,
Haida Munetaka
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
artificial organs
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.684
H-Index - 76
eISSN - 1525-1594
pISSN - 0160-564X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1525-1594.2011.01419.x
Subject(s) - ischemia , phosphocreatine , reperfusion injury , hindlimb , saline , intracellular ph , hemoglobin , chemistry , medicine , skeletal muscle , edema , endocrinology , intracellular , anesthesia , energy metabolism , biochemistry
The effect of liposome‐encapsulated hemoglobin (LEH) was tested in a rodent model of limb ischemia and reperfusion—causing local reperfusion injury and a cascade of systemic responses. Intracellular pH (pHi) and phosphocreatine (PCr)/inorganic phosphate (Pi) ratio were serially monitored using 31 P‐nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy with a 2‐cm solenoid coil on a rodent hind limb. After baseline measurements, the right hind limb underwent ischemia for 70 min, followed 10 min later by intravenous administration of LEH (10 mL/kg, n = 6), homologous red blood cells (RBCs, n = 6), saline ( n = 6), or no treatment ( n = 6). Reperfusion was then observed for an additional 60 min. While pHi decreased precipitously after the onset of ischemia and even following reperfusion, LEH‐treated rats had significantly milder intracellular acidosis compared with all other groups during ischemia, and after reperfusion as well throughout the observation with the saline‐treated rats. In contrast, the PCr/Pi ratio decreased regardless of treatment after ischemia until reperfusion, when the ratio returned toward normal or the energy status improved only in the LEH‐treated rats, while the ratio remained depressed in the control animals receiving RBC, saline, or no treatment. Morphological studies 7 days later revealed a tendency toward suppressed mononuclear cell infiltration with preservation of muscular mass and structure in the LEH‐treated rats. LEH treatment after early limb ischemia appeared to improve intracellular energy metabolism and eventually preserve skeletal muscle in a rodent model of limb ischemia and reperfusion.