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Variations in Aortic Pressure Affect the Mechanics of the Intra‐Aortic Balloon: An In Vitro Investigation
Author(s) -
Biglino Giovanni,
Kolyva Christina,
Whitehorne Michael,
Pepper John R.,
Khir Ashraf W.
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
artificial organs
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.684
H-Index - 76
eISSN - 1525-1594
pISSN - 0160-564X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1525-1594.2009.00977.x
Subject(s) - balloon , cardiology , affect (linguistics) , intra aortic balloon pumping , medicine , intra aortic balloon pump , mechanics , physics , psychology , communication , cardiogenic shock , myocardial infarction
This study aims to investigate the mechanics of the intra‐aortic balloon (IAB) under different aortic pressure (P ao ) and inclination (0–75°). Pressure and flow were measured in an artificial aorta during IAB pumping with a frequency of 1:3. Volume displaced toward the “coronary arteries” during inflation (V prox ) and “intra‐aortic” pressure reduction during deflation (P r ) were derived. IAB duration of inflation and deflation was determined with a high‐speed camera visualization. When the aorta was horizontal, P ao raised from 45 mm Hg to 115 mm Hg, V prox reduced by 18% (25.0 ± 1.0 mL vs. 30.4 ± 1.9 mL) and P r increased by 117% (106.4 ± 0.3 mm Hg vs. 48.9 ± 0.6 mm Hg). When the aorta was inclined, at low P ao of 45 mm Hg, V prox was reduced by 30% from 0° to 45° (19.8 ± 2.3 mL vs. 28.3 ± 1.7 mL) and P r was reduced by 66% (16.5 ± 0.1 mm Hg vs. 48.9 ± 0.6 mm Hg). However, at high P ao of 115 mm Hg, V prox remained unchanged with increasing angle (20.0 ± 1.0 mL) and P r was reduced by 24% (80.6 ± 0.8 mm Hg vs. 106.4 ± 0.3 mm Hg). Increasing P ao increased duration of inflation. At low P ao , increasing angle resulted in increasing duration of inflation, but at high P ao , increasing angle had the opposite effect. Duration of deflation generally decreased with P ao and increased with increasing angle. The IAB pump is affected by both P ao and angle, indicating that non‐normotensive patients or patients in the semi‐recumbent position might not receive the full benefits of IAB counterpulsation.