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A Novel Insulin Delivery Algorithm in Rats With Type 1 Diabetes: The Fading Memory Proportional‐Derivative Method
Author(s) -
Gopakumaran Bala,
Duman Heather M.,
Overholser Douglas P.,
Federiuk Isaac F.,
Quinn Matthew J.,
Wood Michael D.,
Ward W. Kenneth
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
artificial organs
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.684
H-Index - 76
eISSN - 1525-1594
pISSN - 0160-564X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1525-1594.2005.29096.x
Subject(s) - algorithm , insulin , insulin delivery , hypoglycemia , weighting , basal insulin , diabetes mellitus , computer science , type 1 diabetes , mathematics , basal (medicine) , type 2 diabetes , medicine , endocrinology , radiology
An algorithm designed to automatically control insulin delivery was tested in rats with Type 1 diabetes. This nonlinear algorithm included a fading memory component of proportional and derivative errors in order to simulate normal insulin secretion. Error‐weighting functions for the proportional and derivative terms were used with a performance index designed for error adaptation. In the first version of the algorithm, the proportional gain was adaptively varied. In the second version, a low rate of basal insulin delivery was adaptively varied. Six 6‐h studies with each version were conducted using frequent blood sampling and intravenous insulin delivery. In Version 2 studies, blood glucose levels during the last two hours were well‐controlled and significantly lower than in Version 1 (118 ± 2.0 vs. 130 ± 2.9 mg/dL). Neither version produced hypoglycemia. Future research using this algorithm needs to focus on automated glucose sensing in combination with insulin delivery.