Premium
Cytokine and Prostaglandin E 2 Release from Leukocytes in Response to Metal Ions Derived from Different Prosthetic Materials: An In Vitro Study
Author(s) -
Liu HwaChang,
Chang Walter HongShong,
Lin FengHuei,
Lu KuanHow,
Tsuang YangHwei,
Sun JuiSheng
Publication year - 1999
Publication title -
artificial organs
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.684
H-Index - 76
eISSN - 1525-1594
pISSN - 0160-564X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1525-1594.1999.06343.x
Subject(s) - prostaglandin e2 , tumor necrosis factor alpha , osteolysis , chemistry , prostaglandin e , in vitro , cytokine , interleukin , secretion , endocrinology , immunology , medicine , pharmacology , biochemistry , surgery
Abstract: Cytokines produced by leukocytes in the periprosthetic membranes surrounding joint replacements have been implicated as causal agents in osteolysis and prosthetic loosening. In this study, we used an in vitro leukocyte culture system to monitor the response of leukocytes to various metal ions and their possible roles in the mechanism of aseptic loosening. Human peripheral leukocytes were isolated and incubated with various concentrations of Co 2+ , Cr 3+ , and Ti 3+ ions. Leukocyte cell counts and the levels of the tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), interleukin‐1 (IL‐1), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) and prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) released into the media were analyzed at 1 h, 3 h, and 1, 3, and 7 day intervals. The results showed that adding different metal ions into leukocyte cultures did not affect the cell counts. Exposure of leukocytes to Co 2+ ion increased the release of TNF‐α, IL‐6, and PGE 2 . Exposure of leukocytes to Cr 3+ ion did not increase the release of TNF‐α but increased the secretion of IL‐6 and PGE 2 . In contrast, exposure of the leukocytes to Ti 3+ ions was associated with a decrease in the release of TNF‐α and PGE 2 and a minimal change in IL‐6 noted after 7 days' culture. The present study elucidated the possible mechanisms involved in periprosthetic osteolysis and the inflammatory response of human leukocytes to metal ions. We found that cobalt ion is the most potent stimulant for cytokines and prostaglandin secretion by leukocytes. This elucidation, in combination with other efforts to reduce the generation of wear debris and metal ions, may improve the longevity of orthopedic implants.