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Molecular, Microscopic, Microstructural and Mechanical Methods of Analyzing Pseudoneointimal Linings within Partial Artificial Hearts in Man and the Calf
Author(s) -
Trono Ruben,
Brewer M. Alan,
Edmonds Charles H.,
Fuqua John M.,
Hibbs C. Wayne,
Holub Daniel A.,
Igo Stephen R.,
Norman John C.
Publication year - 1978
Publication title -
artificial organs
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.684
H-Index - 76
eISSN - 1525-1594
pISSN - 0160-564X
DOI - 10.1111/j.1525-1594.1978.tb03448.x
Subject(s) - interfacing , biomedical engineering , materials science , isotropy , human blood , biophysics , biology , computer science , medicine , optics , physiology , physics , computer hardware
Ex vivo molecular, microscopic (cellular), microstructural and mechanical methods have been utilized to evaluate biologic, blood‐interfacing linings (pseudneointima) formed on textured, fibril‐flocked pumping surfaces within abdominal left ventricular assist devices (ALVADs) or partial artificial hearts. Thus far, seventeen human and twenty bovine pseudoneointimal linings (1–28 day pumping durations) have been evaluated by these methods. The results indicate that pseudoneointima begins developing within 24 hours after contact of the pumping surface with blood and is well developed at five days. The linings exhibit surface immunofluorescent fibrinogen activity, viable surface macrophages and histiocytes and scattered erythrocytes at ALVAD removal. Structurally similar linings (20 μ to 500 μ in thickness) develop in calves and in man. Mechanically, pseudoneointima is a stable, adherent, highly compliant, isotropic structural material. It is linearly elastic and strain‐rate independent, with small viscous energy losses under physiologic strains. The methods employed for the evaluation of pseudoneointima provide useful information to determine the suitability of textured or rough surfaces for blood interfacing. The cumulative results indicate that the textured surface approach is useful for intermediate‐term clinical ALVAD utilization.