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PROGRESS IN UREMIC TOXIN RESEARCH: Uremic Toxins in Acute Kidney Injury
Author(s) -
HergetRosenthal Stefan,
Glorieux Griet,
Jankowski Joachim,
Jankowski Vera
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
seminars in dialysis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.899
H-Index - 78
eISSN - 1525-139X
pISSN - 0894-0959
DOI - 10.1111/j.1525-139x.2009.00598.x
Subject(s) - uremic toxins , medicine , acute kidney injury , kidney disease , intensive care medicine , uremia , dialysis , renal tubule , kidney
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious and frequent condition which may fully resolve but is associated with markedly increased mortality. Mortality in AKI is caused by nonrenal, distant organ failure. Renal recovery from AKI is often not achieved on account of new injuries in the repair phase. Uremic toxins may be the missing link between AKI and nonrenal organ failure, tubular and endothelial injury. Compared with chronic kidney disease (CKD), research of uremic toxins in AKI is in its infancy. This review presents the current knowledge on uremic toxins in AKI which is predominately derived from experimental studies. Most uremic toxins investigated have previously been identified in CKD. The review focuses on those uremic toxins with biologic effect on the respective nonrenal organs failing in AKI and on the renal tubule and the endothelium. These uremic toxins may insofar be specific mediators of pathophysiological processes in AKI.