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Tissue engraftment of hypoxic‐preconditioned adipose‐derived stem cells improves flap viability
Author(s) -
Hollenbeck Scott T.,
Senghaas Annika,
Komatsu Issei,
Zhang Ying,
Erdmann Detlev,
Klitzman Bruce
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
wound repair and regeneration
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.847
H-Index - 109
eISSN - 1524-475X
pISSN - 1067-1927
DOI - 10.1111/j.1524-475x.2012.00854.x
Subject(s) - angiogenesis , adipose tissue , viability assay , stem cell , hypoxia (environmental) , vascular endothelial growth factor , andrology , wound healing , ischemia , chemotaxis , chemistry , microbiology and biotechnology , medicine , pathology , immunology , cell , biology , cancer research , vegf receptors , receptor , oxygen , biochemistry , organic chemistry
Adipose‐derived stem cells ( ASCs ) have the ability to release multiple growth factors in response to hypoxia. In this study, we investigated the potential of ASCs to prevent tissue ischemia. We found conditioned media from hypoxic ASCs had increased levels of vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF ) and enhanced endothelial cell tubule formation. To investigate the effect of injecting rat ASCs into ischemic flaps, 21 Lewis rats were divided into three groups: control, normal oxygen ASCs (10 6 cells), and hypoxic preconditioned ASCs (10 6 cells). At the time of flap elevation, the distal third of the flap was injected with the treatment group. At 7 days post flap elevation, flap viability was significantly improved with injection of hypoxic preconditioned ASCs . Cluster of differentiation‐31‐positive cells were more abundant along the margins of flaps injected with ASCs . Fluorescent labeled ASCs localized aside blood vessels or throughout the tissue, dependent on oxygen preconditioning status. Next, we evaluated the effect of hypoxic preconditioning on ASC migration and chemotaxis. Hypoxia did not affect ASC migration on scratch assay or chemotaxis to collagen and laminin. Thus, hypoxic preconditioning of injected ASCs improves flap viability likely through the effects of VEGF release. These effects are modest and represent the limitations of cellular and growth factor‐induced angiogenesis in the acute setting of ischemia.