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Associations among Pain, Non‐Medical Prescription Opioid Use, and Drug Overdose History
Author(s) -
Bonar Erin E.,
Ilgen Mark A.,
Walton Maureen,
Bohnert Amy S.B.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
the american journal on addictions
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.997
H-Index - 76
eISSN - 1521-0391
pISSN - 1055-0496
DOI - 10.1111/j.1521-0391.2013.12055.x
Subject(s) - medicine , heroin , drug overdose , medical prescription , opioid , substance abuse , demographics , psychiatry , poison control , drug , emergency medicine , pharmacology , demography , receptor , sociology
Background and Objective Recently, use of prescription opioids (POs) has increased; non‐medical PO (NMPO) use is linked to overdose. NMPO use is common among individuals prescribed opioids for pain, and those in substance use disorder (SUD) treatment with pain could be at increased risk for unintentional overdose due to NMPO use. We examined associations between pain, NMPO use, and overdose among SUD treatment patients. Methods Among 342 patients at a residential SUD treatment center, logistic regression examined the association of overdose with pain, adjusting for substance use, suicide attempts, and demographics. Results Pain was positively related to NMPO use. Heroin use, suicide attempts, pain, and NMPO use were positively associated with overdose; but NMPO use attenuated the pain‐overdose relationship. Conclusions The relationship between pain and overdose among substance users may be, in part, explained by the association between pain and heavy NMPO use. (Am J Addict 2014;23:41–47)