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Ready Access to Illicit Drugs among Youth and Adult Users
Author(s) -
Hadland Scott E.,
Marshall Brandon D. L.,
Kerr Thomas,
Lai Calvin,
Montaner Julio S.,
Wood Evan
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
the american journal on addictions
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.997
H-Index - 76
eISSN - 1521-0391
pISSN - 1055-0496
DOI - 10.1111/j.1521-0391.2012.00257.x
Subject(s) - heroin , harm reduction , medicine , law enforcement , drug , expanded access , harm , methamphetamine , human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) , young adult , environmental health , demography , psychiatry , family medicine , gerontology , political science , law , sociology
Background: Current drug‐control strategies in Canada focus funding and resources predominantly on drug law enforcement, often at the expense of preventive, treatment, and harm reduction efforts. This study aimed to examine the availability of the most commonly used substances in Vancouver, Canada after the implementation of such strategies. Methods: Using data from two large cohorts of drug‐using youth and adults in Vancouver from the calendar year 2007, we assessed perceived availability of heroin, crack, cocaine, crystal methamphetamine, and marijuana. Results: Compared to youth ( n = 330), a greater proportion of adults ( n = 1,160) reported immediate access (ie, within 10 minutes) to heroin (81.0% vs. 55.9%, p < .001), crack (90.4% vs. 69.3%, p < .001), and cocaine (83.7% vs. 61.1%, p < .001). Conversely, larger proportions of youth reported immediate access to crystal methamphetamine (62.8% vs. 39.4%, p < .001) and marijuana (88.4% vs. 73.2%, p < .001) compared to adult users. Conclusions: Regardless of differences in illicit drug availability by age, all drugs are readily accessed in Vancouver despite drug law enforcement efforts. This includes drugs that are frequently injected and place users at risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and transmission of other blood‐borne disease. (Am J Addict 2012;00: 1–3)