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Real‐Time Craving Differences between Black and White Smokers
Author(s) -
Carter Brian L.,
Paris Megan M.,
Lam Cho Y.,
Robinson Jason D.,
Traylor Amy C.,
Waters Andrew J.,
Wetter David W.,
Cinciripini Paul M.
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
the american journal on addictions
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.997
H-Index - 76
eISSN - 1521-0391
pISSN - 1055-0496
DOI - 10.1111/j.1521-0391.2009.00020.x
Subject(s) - craving , psychology , mood , expectancy theory , white (mutation) , clinical psychology , nicotine , developmental psychology , social psychology , addiction , psychiatry , biochemistry , chemistry , gene
Black and White smokers may experience aspects of nicotine dependence, including craving, differently. This study used a naturalistic technique, ecological momentary assessment (EMA), to explore differences in craving, mood, expectancy, and smoking enjoyment between Black and White smokers. Participants carried personal digital assistants (PDAs) programmed to obtain multiple daily assessments. Black smokers reported higher craving after smoking and at random assessment times and higher cigarette enjoyment. No differences were found in mood or expectancy. Racial differences in psychological factors related to smoking are explored in the contexts of genetic, sociological, and psychophysiological distinctions. Implications for practice and research are discussed. (Am J Addict 2010;00:1–5)