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Thermodynamics of Leather Dyeing II – Dyeing of Hide Powder with Simple Acid Dyes at Various Temperatures
Author(s) -
EL–MARIAH AFAF A. R.,
NURSTEN H. E.
Publication year - 1966
Publication title -
journal of the society of dyers and colourists
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.297
H-Index - 49
eISSN - 1478-4408
pISSN - 0037-9859
DOI - 10.1111/j.1478-4408.1966.tb02709.x
Subject(s) - dyeing , titration , chemistry , acid dye , thermodynamics , enthalpy , inorganic chemistry , organic chemistry , physics
The interaction of two types of hide powder with individual members of a series of pure dye acids has been investigated by determining the distribution of the dye at equilibrium at ten points on the titration curve. Nine dyes were applied to a specially purified hide powder at 0, five at 25, and four at 45C, and many of the experiments were repeated with Official hide powder. Affinities were determined by using Gilbert and Rideal's full equation ( I ), and from the midpoints of the titration curves. They depend greatly on the basicity of the dye, being –9. 3 to –11–7 kcal/mole for mono–, –14. 2 to –16. 6 for di–, –17. 8 to –23. 3 for tri–, and –22. 3 to –26. 1 for tetrasulphonic acids. Heats of dyeing can be positive at 0–25, but are negative at 25–40, whereas entropies of dyeing are positive at 12–5 and seem to remain positive at 35C. Tentative attempts have been made to correct for neglect of dye aggregation, activity coefficients in solution, and swelling of the fibre.