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The Rise and Development of the Wool Dyes A Brief Historical Survey
Author(s) -
Baddiley J.
Publication year - 1951
Publication title -
journal of the society of dyers and colourists
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.297
H-Index - 49
eISSN - 1478-4408
pISSN - 0037-9859
DOI - 10.1111/j.1478-4408.1951.tb02692.x
Subject(s) - wool , anthraquinone , acid dye , chemistry , triphenylmethane , aqueous solution , dyeing , natural dye , organic chemistry , polymer science , polymer chemistry , materials science , composite material
The modern wool dyes owe nothing to Nature. They arose from attempts to make the sparingly soluble basic dyes of the pioneer period of dye synthesis more suitable for application from aqueous solution. The sulphonic acid group provided the clue to the development of the acid wool dyes. Sulphonation also opened the road to the discovery of the rich field of azo dye intermediates, which have been the source and inspiration of an immense range of cheap and versatile acid dyes for wool, supplemented by the brighter triphenylmethane acid dyes on the one hand, and the faster (to light) acid anthraquinone dyes on the other. Fastness to wet treatment and light was achieved by the discovery of dyes suitable for metallic complex formation. Acid dyes of this type ended the dependence of the wool dyer on natural colouring matters. Modern trends aim to avoid the fibre damage associated with the chrome dyog, either by improvement of the latter or by a departure from the idea of complex formation. New structural features have been introduced which promote fastness to wet treatment in ordinary acid dyes.