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Progress of Package Dyeing with Vat Dyes and Indigosols
Author(s) -
Smith Fred
Publication year - 1951
Publication title -
journal of the society of dyers and colourists
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.297
H-Index - 49
eISSN - 1478-4408
pISSN - 0037-9859
DOI - 10.1111/j.1478-4408.1951.tb02689.x
Subject(s) - dyeing , levelling , indigo , pulp and paper industry , materials science , chemistry , polymer science , composite material , engineering , art , visual arts , geology , geodesy
Hot‐dyeing vat dyes strike on to the fibre very quickly even at low temperatures. With open‐beck dyeing on hanks, small lots only could be dyed with any success. On cotton in hank or on properly wound cones, cheeses, or beams, package dyeing enables the dyer to put the dye liquor where it is required more quickly and more evenly and produce a good result without the use of retarding or levelling agents. Should there be any slight fault in the build of the package, faulty dyeing will be the result. Higher temperatures up to 200d̀ F., with dyes that will stand them, will sometimes overcome these faults. It is safer to use a suitable retarding agent from the start. The same remarks apply to the dyes of Classes B and C that strike very quickly. The introduction of stainless steel machines has led to greater use of the package system. Large weights of cotton yarn are now dyed in one batch with vat dyes, up to 2000 1b. suitable for casements, denims, gaberdines, etc. Loose Fibro and Fibro yarns and sliver are now being dyed satisfactorily in some cases by the ordinary method, in others by the use of pigment padding, the Abbot‐Cox process, or the improved pigment process using special finely ground dyes. The use of vat dyes other than indigo, thioindigo, Soledons, or Indigosols is not practicable to any great extent on wool. The introduction of the various retarding and levelling agents and research into the rate of dyeing of vat dyes has extended the use of package‐dyed yarns.