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Cocaine‐induced microvascular vasoconstriction but differential systemic haemodynamic responses in Yucatan versus Yorkshire varieties of swine
Author(s) -
Miao Lin,
Núñez Boris D.,
Susulic Vojken,
Wheeler Suzanne,
Carrozza Joseph P.,
Ross James N.,
Morgan James P.
Publication year - 1996
Publication title -
british journal of pharmacology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.432
H-Index - 211
eISSN - 1476-5381
pISSN - 0007-1188
DOI - 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1996.tb15227.x
Subject(s) - vasoconstriction , medicine , vascular resistance , coronary circulation , blood pressure , hemodynamics , cardiology , artery , heart rate , coronary arteries , anesthesia , constriction , mean arterial pressure , blood flow
1 Systemic and coronary haemodynamics were measured in 6 Yorkshire swine and 6 Yucatan miniature swine under isoflurane anaesthesia to investigate the influence of cocaine following its intravenous administration at 1, 3 and 7 mg kg −1 . 2 Cocaine in Yorkshire swine decreased mean arterial pressure and rate pressure product (systolic pressure × heart rate), suggesting a cardiac depressant effect, whereas cocaine in Yucatan miniature swine increased these parameters, consistent with a hyperadrenergic state. 3 Cocaine in both Yorkshire swine and Yucatan miniature swine decreased coronary blood flow and coronary flow reserve, and increased coronary vascular resistance. 4 A modest generalized epicardial coronary artery constriction was observed by angiography, without evidence of focal spasm. 5 Our results confirm a marked vasoconstrictor effect of cocaine on the coronary arterial circulation, predominantly distal to the epicardial coronary arteries, but also indicate important differences in the systemic cardiovascular responses to the drug between two closely related strains of animals within the same species. Due to the similarities between the swine and human coronary arterial vasculature, we suggest that vasoconstriction in the coronary microcirculation may produce cardiac toxicity in man.