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Comparison between carvedilol and captopril in rats with partial ablation‐induced chronic renal failure
Author(s) -
Brooks David P.,
Short Brian G.,
Cyronak Matthew J.,
Contino Lisa C.,
DiCristo Martin,
Wang YiXin,
Ruffolo Robert R.
Publication year - 1993
Publication title -
british journal of pharmacology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.432
H-Index - 211
eISSN - 1476-5381
pISSN - 0007-1188
DOI - 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1993.tb13610.x
Subject(s) - captopril , carvedilol , medicine , cardiology , ablation , pharmacology , heart failure , blood pressure
1 The effect of the novel β‐adrenoceptor antagonist and vasodilator, carvedilol (SK&F 105517, ∼ 70 mg kg −1 daily in the food), and captopril (∼ 38 mg kg −1 daily in the drinking fluid) on the progression of chronic renal failure in rats was studied. 2 Six weeks following partial renal ablation, the urinary protein excretion of the carvediol‐ (60 ± 21 mg day −1 ) and captopril‐treated (35 ± 9mgday −1 ) animals was less than 50% that of control rats (133 ± 27 mg d −1 ). 3 Serum creatinine (Scr) and urea nitrogen (SUN) concentrations of the carvedilol‐(Scr, 0.63 ± 0.09 mg dl −1 ; SUN, 11.3 ± 1.2 mg dl −1 ) and captopril‐treated (Scr, 0.82 ± 0.05 mg dl −1 ; SUN, 14.1 ± 1.5 mg dl −1 ) animals were also significantly ( P < 0.05) lower than that observed in control animals (Scr, 1.4 ± 0.3 mg dl −1 ; SUN, 19.2 ± 3.9 mg dl −1 ), indicating that glomerular filtration rate was improved by both drugs. Plasma renin activity was significantly ( P < 0.05) higher in captopril‐treated rats (24.7 ± 4.6 ng angiotensin I ml −1 h −1 ) than in either carvedilol‐treated (7.9 ± 1.4 ng angiotensin I ml −1 h −1 ) or control animals (7.4 ± 1.0 ng angiotensin I ml −1 h −1 ). 4 Histological examination of the kidneys demonstrated a significantly reduced glomerular hypertrophy and glomerulosclerosis in those animals receiving carvedilol or captopril compared to controls. 5 Serum carvedilol concentration measured every 6 h for 24 h was variable and ranged on average from 57 ± 13 ng ml −1 at 16 h 00 min to 121 ± 31 ng ml −1 at 03 h 00 min. These data indicate that the rats probably had 24 h systemic exposure to carvedilol. 6 The present study indicates that carvedilol is effective in attenuating the progression of chronic renal failure in rats.