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Gender and College Opportunities: Changes Over Time in the United States and Japan
Author(s) -
MonkTurner Elizabeth,
Baba Yoko
Publication year - 1987
Publication title -
sociological inquiry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.446
H-Index - 51
eISSN - 1475-682X
pISSN - 0038-0245
DOI - 10.1111/j.1475-682x.1987.tb01047.x
Subject(s) - competition (biology) , demographic economics , community college , function (biology) , sociology , political science , economic growth , economics , medicine , medical education , ecology , evolutionary biology , biology
The authors examine the rise of the two‐year college and changes in enrollment patterns between two‐year and four‐year colleges by sex in the United States and Japan since 1960. Notably, the chances of a woman who attended college of entering a four‐year college were less in 1980, in both the U. S. and Japan, than they were in 1960. Channeling large numbers of women into two‐year colleges perpetuates occupational sex segregation. Further, it alleviates pressure for competition for professional jobs. The desire to reduce the number of individuals competing for professional jobs was a factor in the build‐up of the two‐year college. Problems associated with overeducation are evident in both the U. S. and Japan. The authors argue that the function of the community college is to prepare students to enter the kinds of jobs that are available in highly industrialized societies.