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Interpersonal Processes of Care Survey: Patient‐Reported Measures for Diverse Groups
Author(s) -
Stewart Anita L.,
NápolesSpringer Anna M.,
Gregorich Steven E.,
SantoyoOlsson Jasmine
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
health services research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.706
H-Index - 121
eISSN - 1475-6773
pISSN - 0017-9124
DOI - 10.1111/j.1475-6773.2006.00637.x
Subject(s) - interpersonal communication , ethnic group , confirmatory factor analysis , measurement invariance , psychology , health care , health equity , data collection , clinical psychology , cultural diversity , medicine , social psychology , applied psychology , structural equation modeling , public health , nursing , computer science , statistics , mathematics , machine learning , sociology , anthropology , economics , economic growth
Objective. To create a patient‐reported, multidimensional physician/patient interpersonal processes of care (IPC) instrument appropriate for patients from diverse racial/ethnic groups that allows reliable, valid, and unbiased comparisons across these groups. Data Source/Data Collection. Data were collected by telephone interview. The survey was administered in English and Spanish to adult general medicine patients, stratified by race/ethnicity and language (African Americans, English‐speaking Latinos, Spanish‐speaking Latinos, non‐Latino whites) ( N =1,664). Study Design/Methods. In this cross‐sectional study, items were designed to be appropriate for diverse ethnic groups based on focus groups, our prior framework, literature, and cognitive interviews. Multitrait scaling and confirmatory factor analysis were used to examine measurement invariance; we identified scales that allowed meaningful quantitative comparisons across four race/ethnic/language groups. Principal Findings. The final instrument assesses several subdomains of communication, patient‐centered decision making, and interpersonal style. It includes 29 items representing 12 first‐order and seven second‐order factors with equivalent meaning (metric invariance) across groups; 18 items (seven factors) allowed unbiased mean comparison across groups (scalar invariance). Final scales exhibited moderate to high reliability. Conclusions. The IPC survey can be used to describe disparities in interpersonal care, predict patient outcomes, and examine outcomes of quality improvement efforts to reduce health care disparities.