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Influence of fogging lenses and cycloplegia on open‐field automatic refraction
Author(s) -
Queirós A.,
GonzálezMéijome J.,
Jorge J.
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
ophthalmic and physiological optics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.147
H-Index - 66
eISSN - 1475-1313
pISSN - 0275-5408
DOI - 10.1111/j.1475-1313.2008.00579.x
Subject(s) - cycloplegia , fogging , optometry , refraction , ophthalmology , accommodation , refractive error , retinoscopy , psychology , eye disease , medicine , optics , physics
Purpose: To compare refractive values measured with and without cycloplegia, or with fogging lenses, using an open‐field auto‐refractor. Methods: One hundred and forty‐two young adults were enrolled from a university population; 96 were female (67.6%) and 46 were male (32.4%), the age range was 18–26 years (mean 22.3 ± 3.7 years). The refraction measurement was obtained for the right eye of each subject with the Grand Seiko Auto Ref/Keratometer WAM‐5500 (GS) under three conditions, always in this sequence: (1) without cycloplegia (GS), (2) without cycloplegia but using a + 2.00 D fogging lens (GS_2D) and (3) with cycloplegia (GS_cycl). Results: When the average values of spherical equivalent were compared, both accommodation control strategies were almost equally successful: GS, M = −0.85 ± 2.21 D; GC_2D, M = −0.53 ± 2.10 D and GS_cycl, M = −0.57 ± 2.24 D (Kruskal–Wallis test, p < 0.001). When the results were analysed separately for different refractive groups, emmetropes and hyperopes show statistically significant differences while myopes did not. When both accommodation strategies were compared there was a trend for more myopic subjects to display more negative values under cycloplegia, while low myopes, emmetropes and hyperopes tend to display more negative values with the +2.00 D fogging lenses, suggesting this was less effective for accommodation control. Conclusions: Over‐refraction through +2.00 D fogging lenses is useful to achieve additional relaxation of the accommodative response in a similar way to cycloplegia when open‐field autorefraction is performed in young adults.