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Vitamin and mineral deficiencies in the developed world and their effect on the eye and vision
Author(s) -
Whatham Andrew,
Bartlett Hannah,
Eperjesi Frank,
Blumenthal Caron,
Allen Jane,
Suttle Catherine,
Gaskin Kevin
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
ophthalmic and physiological optics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.147
H-Index - 66
eISSN - 1475-1313
pISSN - 0275-5408
DOI - 10.1111/j.1475-1313.2007.00531.x
Subject(s) - micronutrient , medicine , cobalamin , vitamin , eye disease , optometry , environmental health , vitamin b12 , physiology , ophthalmology , pathology
Vitamin and mineral deficiencies are common in developing countries, but also occur in developed countries. We review micronutrient deficiencies for the major vitamins A, cobalamin (B 12 ), biotin (vitamin H), vitamins C and E, as well as the minerals iron, and zinc, in the developed world, in terms of their relationship to systemic health and any resulting ocular disease and/or visual dysfunction. A knowledge of these effects is important as individuals with consequent poor ocular health and reduced visual function may present for ophthalmic care.