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Anticipating maximal or submaximal exercise: no differences in cardiopulmonary responses
Author(s) -
Kjelkenes Ida,
Thorsen Einar
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
clinical physiology and functional imaging
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.608
H-Index - 67
eISSN - 1475-097X
pISSN - 1475-0961
DOI - 10.1111/j.1475-097x.2010.00948.x
Subject(s) - medicine , respiratory minute volume , heart rate , vo2 max , anticipation (artificial intelligence) , cardiology , linear regression , physical therapy , ventilatory threshold , cardiopulmonary exercise test , ventilation (architecture) , respiratory system , mathematics , blood pressure , statistics , mechanical engineering , artificial intelligence , computer science , engineering
Summary Background: Anticipation before the start of exercise may influence the cardiopulmonary responses during exercise. If anticipation influences the responses differently with maximal and submaximal exercises, normative values for submaximal responses will not be comparable unless exercise has been continued to the same end point. Methods: Twelve healthy subjects (five men) aged 18–27 years had a maximal exercise test and a submaximal exercise test on a cycle ergometer on different days and in random order. They were not aware of the specific purpose of the study and were informed 15 min before the tests whether it should be maximal or submaximal. Workload increased with 15 W min −1 until exhaustion or to 80% of predicted maximal heart rate (HR). HR, oxygen uptake (VO 2 ), carbon dioxide production (VCO 2 ), minute ventilation ( V E ) and tidal volume ( V T ) were averaged over 20 s intervals. Linear regression of the HR–VO 2 relationship and quadratic regression of the V T – V E relationship were performed for each individual, and the regression coefficients for maximal and submaximal tests were compared. Results: The regression models described the V T – V E responses with a R 2 > 0·85 in 23 of 24 tests, and the HR‐VO 2 responses with a R 2 > 0·90 in all tests. The regression coefficients of the relationships were not significantly different with maximal and submaximal exercises. Conclusion: Anticipation appears not to influence the responses to progressive maximal and submaximal exercise tests with the same rate of increase in load. Normative values at submaximal exercise levels are not influenced by the targeted end point of exercise.