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Chlorine disinfection of Francisella tularensis
Author(s) -
O’Connell H. A.,
Rose L. J.,
Shams A. M.,
Arduino M. J.,
Rice E. W.
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
letters in applied microbiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.698
H-Index - 110
eISSN - 1472-765X
pISSN - 0266-8254
DOI - 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2010.02971.x
Subject(s) - francisella tularensis , chlorine , microbiology and biotechnology , tularemia , bacteria , biology , chemistry , virulence , biochemistry , genetics , organic chemistry , gene
Aims: To determine the range of free available chlorine (FAC) required for disinfection of the live vaccine strain (LVS) and wild‐type strains of Francisella tularensis . Methods and Results: Seven strains of planktonic F. tularensis were exposed to 0·5 mg·l −1 FAC for two pH values, 7 and 8, at 5 and 25°C. LVS was inactivated 2 to 4 times more quickly than any of the wild‐type F. tularensis strains at pH 8 and 5°C. Conclusions: Free available chlorine residual concentrations routinely maintained in drinking water distribution systems would require up to two hours to reduce all F. tularensis strains by 4 log 10 . LVS was inactivated most quickly of the tested strains. Significance and Impact of the Study: This work provides contact time (CT) values that are useful for drinking water risk assessment and also suggests that LVS may not be a good surrogate in disinfection studies.