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The mitochondrial intramembrane protease PARL cleaves human Pink1 to regulate Pink1 trafficking
Author(s) -
Meissner Cathrin,
Lorenz Holger,
Weihofen Andreas,
Selkoe Dennis J.,
Lemberg Marius K.
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
journal of neurochemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.75
H-Index - 229
eISSN - 1471-4159
pISSN - 0022-3042
DOI - 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2011.07253.x
Subject(s) - pink1 , intermembrane space , mitophagy , microbiology and biotechnology , mitochondrial intermembrane space , biology , mitochondrion , biochemistry , bacterial outer membrane , autophagy , apoptosis , escherichia coli , gene
J. Neurochem. (2011) 117 , 856–867. Abstract Intramembrane proteolysis is a conserved mechanism that regulates a variety of cellular processes ranging from transcription control to signaling. In mitochondria, the inner membrane rhomboid protease PARL has been implicated in the control of life span and apoptosis by a so far uncharacterized mechanism. Here, we show that PARL cleaves human Pink1, which is implicated in Parkinson’s disease, within its conserved membrane anchor. Mature Pink1 is then free to be released into the cytosol or the mitochondrial intermembrane space. Upon depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential, the canonical import of Pink1 and PARL‐catalyzed processing is blocked, leading to accumulation of the Pink1 precursor. As targeting of this precursor to the outer mitochondrial membrane has been shown to trigger mitophagy, we suggest that the PARL‐catalyzed removal of the Pink1 signal sequence in the canonical import pathway acts as a cellular checkpoint for mitochondrial integrity. Furthermore, we show that two Parkinson’s disease‐causing mutations decrease the processing of Pink1 by PARL, with attendant implications for pathogenesis.