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Formaldehyde stimulates Mrp1‐mediated glutathione deprivation of cultured astrocytes
Author(s) -
Tulpule Ketki,
Dringen Ralf
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
journal of neurochemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.75
H-Index - 229
eISSN - 1471-4159
pISSN - 0022-3042
DOI - 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.07150.x
Subject(s) - glutathione , astrocyte , biochemistry , chemistry , extracellular , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , central nervous system , neuroscience , enzyme
J. Neurochem. (2011) 116 , 626–635. Abstract Formaldehyde (Fal) is an environmental neurotoxin that is also endogenously produced in brain. Since the tripeptide glutathione (GSH) plays an important role in detoxification processes in brain cells, we have investigated the consequences of a Fal exposure on the GSH metabolism of brain cells, using astrocyte‐rich primary cultures as model system. Treatment of these cultures with Fal resulted in a rapid time‐ and concentration‐dependent depletion of cellular GSH and a matching increase in the extracellular GSH content. Exposure of astrocytes to 1 m m Fal for 3 h did not compromise cell viability but almost completely deprived the cells of GSH. Half‐maximal deprivation of cellular GSH was observed after application of 0.3 m m Fal. This effect was rather specific for Fal, since methanol, formate or acetaldehyde did not affect cellular GSH levels. The Fal‐stimulated GSH loss from viable astrocytes was completely prevented by semicarbazide‐mediated chemical removal of Fal or by the application of MK571, an inhibitor of the multidrug resistance protein 1. These data demonstrate that Fal deprives astrocytes of cellular GSH by a multidrug resistance protein 1‐mediated process.