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In situ 3D magnetic resonance metabolic imaging of microwave‐irradiated rodent brain: a new tool for metabolomics research
Author(s) -
De Graaf Robin A.,
Chowdhury Golam M. I.,
Brown Peter B.,
Rothman Douglas L.,
Behar Kevin L.
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
journal of neurochemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.75
H-Index - 229
eISSN - 1471-4159
pISSN - 0022-3042
DOI - 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.05967.x
Subject(s) - glutamine , in vivo , metabolomics , tricarboxylic acid , nuclear magnetic resonance , in situ , glutamate receptor , irradiation , magnetic resonance imaging , enzyme , nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy , microwave , citric acid cycle , chemistry , biology , biochemistry , amino acid , chromatography , medicine , physics , receptor , microbiology and biotechnology , organic chemistry , radiology , nuclear physics , quantum mechanics
The rapid elevation in rat brain temperature achieveable with focused beam microwave irradiation (FBMI) leads to a permanent inactivation of enzymes, thereby minimizing enzyme‐dependent post‐mortem metabolic changes. An additional characteristic of FBMI is that the NMR properties of the tissue are close to those of the in vivo condition and remain so for at least 12 h. These features create an opportunity to develop magnetic resonance spectroscopy and imaging on microwave‐irradiated samples into a technique with a resolution, coverage and sensitivity superior to any experiment performed directly in vivo . Furthermore, when combined with pre‐FBMI infusion of 13 C‐labeled substrates, like [1‐ 13 C]‐glucose, the technique can generate maps of metabolic fluxes, like the tricarboxylic acid and glutamate‐glutamine neurotransmitter cycle fluxes at an unprecedented spatial resolution.