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Muscarinic receptor regulation of osmosensitive taurine transport in human SH‐SY5Y neuroblastoma cells
Author(s) -
Foster Daniel J.,
Vitvitsky Victor M.,
Banerjee Ruma,
Heacock Anne M.,
Fisher Stephen K.
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
journal of neurochemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.75
H-Index - 229
eISSN - 1471-4159
pISSN - 0022-3042
DOI - 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05773.x
Subject(s) - taurine , osmolyte , endocrinology , chemistry , oxotremorine , medicine , muscarinic acetylcholine receptor , osmotic concentration , protein kinase c , biochemistry , receptor , biology , kinase , amino acid
The ability of G protein‐coupled receptors to regulate osmosensitive uptake of the organic osmolyte, taurine, into human SH‐SY5Y neuroblastoma cells has been examined. When monitored under isotonic conditions and in the presence of physiologically relevant taurine concentrations (1–100 μM), taurine influx was mediated exclusively by a Na + ‐dependent, high‐affinity ( K m = 2.5 μM) saturable transport mechanism ( V max = 0.087 nmol/mg protein/min). Reductions in osmolarity of > 20% (attained under conditions of a constant NaCl concentration) resulted in an inhibition of taurine influx (> 30%) that could be attributed to a reduction in V max , whereas the K m for uptake remained unchanged. Inclusion of the muscarinic cholinergic agonist, oxotremorine‐M (Oxo‐M), also resulted in an attenuation of taurine influx (EC 50 ∼0.7 μM). Although Oxo‐M‐mediated inhibition of taurine uptake could be observed under isotonic conditions (∼25–30%), the magnitude of inhibition was significantly enhanced by hypotonicity (∼55–60%), a result that also reflected a reduction in the V max , but not the K m , for taurine transport. Oxo‐M‐mediated inhibition of taurine uptake was dependent upon the availability of extracellular Ca 2+ but was independent of protein kinase C activity. In addition to Oxo‐M, inclusion of either thrombin or sphingosine 1‐phosphate also attenuated volume‐dependent taurine uptake. The ability of Oxo‐M to inhibit the influx of taurine was attenuated by 4‐[(2‐butyl‐6,7‐dichloro‐2‐cyclopentyl‐2,3‐dihydro‐1‐oxo‐1 H ‐inden‐5‐yl)oxy]butanoic acid, an inhibitor of the volume‐sensitive organic osmolyte and anion channel. 4‐[(2‐Butyl‐6,7‐dichloro‐2‐cyclopentyl‐2,3‐dihydro‐1‐oxo‐1 H ‐inden‐5‐yl)oxy]butanoic acid also prevented receptor‐mediated changes in the efflux and influx of K + under hypoosmotic conditions. The results suggest that muscarinic receptor activation can regulate both the volume‐dependent efflux and uptake of taurine and that these events may be functionally coupled.