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Two Forms of G O Type G Proteins: Identification and Distribution in Various Rat Tissues and Cloned Cells
Author(s) -
Asano Tomiko,
Morishita Rika,
Kato Kanefusa
Publication year - 1992
Publication title -
journal of neurochemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.75
H-Index - 229
eISSN - 1471-4159
pISSN - 0022-3042
DOI - 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb10961.x
Subject(s) - alpha (finance) , complementary dna , microbiology and biotechnology , antibody , biology , cloning (programming) , biochemistry , gene , immunology , medicine , construct validity , nursing , computer science , patient satisfaction , programming language
A G o type G protein distinct from the major species of G o was recently isolated from bovine brain and designated G o *. The cDNAs encoding two forms of mammalian G o α were also isolated and designated G o Aα and G o Bα. To recognize two forms of G o type G proteins, we raised antibodies in rabbits against two peptides with sequences found only in the respective proteins of murine G o Aα (SNTYE‐DAAAYIQTQF) and G o Bα (TEAVAHIQGQYESK). Purified anti‐G o Aα antibodies reacted with the major species of G o α purified from bovine and rat brain, whereas anti‐G o Bα antibodies reacted only with rat G o *α, but not with the major species of G o α or bovine G o *α. These results indicate that the major species of G o α is encoded by G o Aα cDNA and G o *α is encoded by G o Bα cDNA. Using these antibodies, the distribution of G o A and G o B was studied in various rat tissues and cloned cells. Both G o A and G o B were present in many tissues, but their distribution in peripheral tissues was distinct. G o Aα seemed to associate mainly with neural tissues. On the other hand, relatively high concentrations of G o Bα were present in the brain, pituitary gland, adipose tissue, lung, and testis. The concentrations of both G o A and G o B in the brain increased during ontogenic development, but the increase in G o B was observed at a later age. Both G o A and G o B were found in such cloned cells as PC 12, NG108‐15, C6, GA‐1, G8, and 3T3‐L1 cells. Treatment of PC 12 cells with nerve growth factor caused the extension of neuron‐like processes and the increase in the level of G o A, but not in the level of G o B.