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Skeletal Muscle Proteins Stimulate Cholinergic Differentiation of Human Neuroblastoma Cells
Author(s) -
McManaman James L.,
Crawford Frances G.
Publication year - 1991
Publication title -
journal of neurochemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.75
H-Index - 229
eISSN - 1471-4159
pISSN - 0022-3042
DOI - 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1991.tb02123.x
Subject(s) - choline acetyltransferase , skeletal muscle , biology , epidermal growth factor , nerve growth factor , cholinergic , cell culture , cholinergic neuron , growth factor , microbiology and biotechnology , medicine , endocrinology , biochemistry , genetics , receptor
Extracts of rat skeletal muscle contain substances that enhance the development of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) in the cholinergic human neuroblastoma cell line LA‐N‐2. The ChAT enhancing activity in muscle extract was purified to homogeneity by preparative gel electrophoresis and reverse‐phase HPLC. The active factor is biochemically and immunologically identical to ChAT development factor, (CDF), the skeletal muscle factor that enhances ChAT activity in enriched cultures of embryonic rat motoneurons and rescues motoneurons from naturally occurring cell death in vivo. CDF increases the specific ChAT activity of LA‐N‐2 cells fivefold after 6 days in culture, but does not affect their growth or metabolic activity. Basic fibroblast growth factor also increases ChAT activity in LA‐N‐2 cells and its effect is additive with that of CDF. In contrast, neither insulin‐like growth factor‐1, epidermal growth factor, nor nerve growth factor affected the ChAT activity of LA‐N‐2 cells. Our study demonstrates for the first time that CDF can directly affect the development of neuronal properties in a homogeneous population of cells, and that the effects of CDF are separate from those of other types of trophic factors.