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Changes of Phospholipid‐Metabolizing and Lysosomal Enzymes in Hypoglossal Nucleus and Ventral Horn Motoneurons During Regeneration of Craniospinal Nerves
Author(s) -
Alberghina M.,
Stella A. M. Giuffrida
Publication year - 1988
Publication title -
journal of neurochemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.75
H-Index - 229
eISSN - 1471-4159
pISSN - 0022-3042
DOI - 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1988.tb04828.x
Subject(s) - hypoglossal nucleus , spinal cord , axoplasmic transport , medicine , rnase p , biochemistry , endocrinology , biology , chemistry , acyltransferase , hypoglossal nerve , regeneration (biology) , enzyme , central nervous system , anatomy , microbiology and biotechnology , rna , neuroscience , tongue , pathology , gene
In order to study the biochemical changes associated with the cell body response to axonal crush injury, two systems, hypoglossal nucleus and spinal cord ventral horn, were used. The time intervals chosen were 7, 14 , and 28 days after unilateral crushing of the right hypoglossal nerve and cervicothoracic nerves of the rabbit. Non‐crushed, contralateral nerves were used as controls. Three groups of enzyme activities were tested: (a) phospholipase A 2 , acyl CoA:2‐acyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphocholine acyl‐transferase, and choline phosphotransferase, as indicators of phospholipid degradation and biosynthesis; (b) seven hydrolases, namely, β‐D‐glucuronidase, β‐iV‐acetyl‐d‐hex‐osaminidase, arylsulfatase A, galactosylceramidase, GM 1 ‐ganglioside β‐galactosidase, and acid RNase, as indicators of lysosomal activity; and (c) free and inhibitor‐bound alkaline RNase, as an index of RNA metabolism. Changes could be grouped into three distinct patterns. Compared to contralateral control, choline phosphotransferase showed a slight increase, whereas phospholipase A 2 and most lyso somal hydrolases showed a significant increase of activity, especially evident in the ventral spinal cord neurons 14–28 days after crushing. These changes correlate with known increases of membrane and organelle numbers, including lysosomes, in motor and sensory neurons during peripheral regeneration. In contrast, free and acid alkaline RNase activity significantly decreased in the injured sides compared to the controls. This change can probably be correlated with a stabilization of RNAs needed for increased protein synthesis. No changes in total alkaline RNase and acyltrans‐ferase activities in either regeneration model were observed.