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Isolation and Characterization of Multilayered Sheath Membrane Rich in Glucocerebroside from Shrimp Ventral Nerve
Author(s) -
Okamura Nobuyuki,
Yamaguchi Hisao,
Stoskopf Michael,
Kishimoto Yasuo,
Saida Takahiko
Publication year - 1986
Publication title -
journal of neurochemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.75
H-Index - 229
eISSN - 1471-4159
pISSN - 0022-3042
DOI - 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1986.tb00728.x
Subject(s) - sphingomyelin , phosphatidylethanolamine , glucocerebroside , biochemistry , phosphatidylcholine , myelin , chemistry , cerebroside , biology , membrane , chromatography , phospholipid , glucocerebrosidase , neuroscience , gene , central nervous system
A membrane fraction rich in glucocerebroside was isolated from homogenates of ventral nerves of pink shrimp ( Penaeus duorarum ) by sucrose gradient centrifugation. The membrane fraction was observed at 0.15 M sucrose and was rich in lipids (lipid/protein ratio ∼15:1). Electron microscopy showed that the fraction was derived from myelin‐like multilayered glial membrane ensheathing axons, which has morphological similarities to myelin. Most of the lipids in shrimp nerve, including glucocerebroside, sphingomyelin, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and ethanolamine‐plasmalogen, as well as cholesterol, appeared to be concentrated in this fraction. The fatty acids of these phospholipids were exclusively saturated or monounsaturated with C 14 ‐C 26 chain lengths. The aldehyde moiety of plasmalogens contained only saturated C 14 ‐C 18 carbon chains. Like glucocer ebrosides, the sphingoid base of sphingomyelin consisted mainly of C 14 ‐C 16 sphingenines and sphinganines, but they also contained significant amounts of C 19 and C 20 sphinganines. Sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the proteins in this fraction showed several bands in the 23,000–85,000 M r range. Radioimmunoassay, however, did not show cross‐reactivity with antibodies to myelin basic protein. The functional role of this membrane in relation to mammalian myelin is discussed.