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Phospholipid Degradation and Cellular Edema Induced by Free Radicals in Brain Cortical Slices
Author(s) -
Chan Pak Hoo,
Yurko Mary,
Fishman Robert A.
Publication year - 1982
Publication title -
journal of neurochemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.75
H-Index - 229
eISSN - 1471-4159
pISSN - 0022-3042
DOI - 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1982.tb08659.x
Subject(s) - xanthine oxidase , biochemistry , arachidonic acid , lipid peroxidation , chemistry , butylated hydroxytoluene , phospholipid , radical , xanthine , antioxidant , enzyme , membrane
Cellular edema and increased lactate production were induced in rat brain cortical slices by xanthine oxidase and xanthine, in the presence of ferric ions. Lipid peroxidation, as measured by thiobarbituric acid‐reactive malon‐dialdehyde, was increased 174%. Among the various subcellular fractions of brain cortex, xanthine oxidase‐stimulated lipid peroxidation was highest in myelin, mitochondria, and synaptosomes, followed by microsomes and nuclei. Antioxidants, catalase, chlorpromazine, and butylated hydroxytoluene inhibited lipid peroxidation in both homogenates and synaptosomes, indicating H 2 O 2 and radicals were involved. Further, several free fatty acids, especially oleic acid (18:1), arachidonic acid (20:4), and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6) were released from the phospholipid pool concomitant with the degradation of membrane phospholipids in xanthine oxidase‐treated synaptosomes. These data suggest that Upases are activated by free radicals and lipid peroxides in the pathogenesis of cellular swelling.