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Comparison of the Molecular Forms of the Cholinesterases in Tissues of Normal and Dystrophic Chickens
Author(s) -
Lyles Joan M.,
Silman Israel,
Giamberardino Luigi,
Couraud JeanYves,
Barnard Eric A.
Publication year - 1982
Publication title -
journal of neurochemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.75
H-Index - 229
eISSN - 1471-4159
pISSN - 0022-3042
DOI - 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1982.tb05342.x
Subject(s) - aché , acetylcholinesterase , tonic (physiology) , glycolysis , medicine , oxidative phosphorylation , cardiac muscle , endocrinology , skeletal muscle , biology , extraocular muscles , muscular dystrophy , anatomy , chemistry , biochemistry , enzyme , metabolism
The levels and molecular forms of acetylcholinesterase (AChE, EC 3.1.1.7) and pseudocholinesterase (ΦChE, EC 3.1.1.8) were examined in various skeletal muscles, cardiac muscles, and neural tissues from normal and dystrophic chickens. The relative amount of the heavy (H c ) form of AChE in mixed‐fibre‐type twitch muscles varies in proportion to the percentage of glycolytic fast‐twitch fibres. Conversely, muscles with higher levels of oxidative fibres (i.e., slow‐tonic, oxidative‐glycolytic fast‐twitch, or oxidative slow‐twitch) have higher proportions of the light (L) form of AChE. The effects of dystrophy on AChE and ΦChE are more severe in muscles richer in glycolytic fast‐twitch fibres (e.g., pectoral or posterior latissimus dorsi, PLD); there is no alteration of AChE or ΦChE in a slow‐tonic muscle. In the pectoral or PLD muscles from older dystrophic chickens, however, the AChE forms revert to a normal distribution while the ΦChE pattern remains abnormal. Muscle ΦChE is sensitive to collagenase in a similar way as is AChE, thus apparently having a similar tailed structure. Unlike skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle has very high levels of ΦChE, present mainly as the L form; AChE is present mainly as the medium (M) form, with smaller amounts of L and H c . The latter pattern of AChE forms resembles that seen in several neural tissues examined. No alterations in AChE or ΦChE were found in cardiac or neural tissues from dystrophic chickens.