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SOLUBLE PROTEINS IN NORMAL and DISEASED HUMAN BRAIN
Author(s) -
Smith Carolyn B.,
Bowen D. M.
Publication year - 1976
Publication title -
journal of neurochemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.75
H-Index - 229
eISSN - 1471-4159
pISSN - 0022-3042
DOI - 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1976.tb02638.x
Subject(s) - gliosis , basal ganglia , thalamus , substantia nigra , human brain , cerebral cortex , senile plaques , pathology , biology , alzheimer's disease , temporal cortex , hypoxia (environmental) , dementia , neuroscience , disease , central nervous system , medicine , chemistry , parkinson's disease , organic chemistry , oxygen
– Six brain regions (frontal cortex, parts of the basal ganglia, thalamus and substantia nigra) were examined from over 80 human brains obtained at post‐mortem. After elimination of patients with evidence of either ‘cerebral hypoxia’, lingering modes of death or abnormal brain morphology brain extracts were found to contain a characteristic pattern of 6 major soluble‐acidic protein bands (neuronin‐type proteins). As judged by studies using cortical biopsy specimens these proteins are relatively unaffected by post‐mortem changes. Moreover, in adulthood the pattern is not noticeably age‐dependant. Two of the protein bands have been identified as S‐100 (neuronin S‐1 and 2) while a third (neuronin S‐5) is similar in most respects to antigen α (14‐3‐2). S‐100 is increased in brains with evidence of marked gliosis. The other protein bands have not been identified. Two of them (neuronin S‐3 and 4) are rarely depleted while the concentration of neuronin S‐6 is affected particularly in extracortical regions in controls with either lingering modes of death and/or ‘cerebral hypoxia’ and in all regions in most patients with Alzheimer's disease, senile dementia and mixed senile and vascular dementia.