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Pregnancy incidence and outcome among patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: a retrospective cohort study
Author(s) -
Kalliala I,
Anttila A,
Dyba T,
Hakulinen T,
Halttunen M,
Nieminen P
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
bjog: an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.157
H-Index - 164
eISSN - 1471-0528
pISSN - 1470-0328
DOI - 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2011.03042.x
Subject(s) - medicine , pregnancy , obstetrics , cervical intraepithelial neoplasia , incidence (geometry) , retrospective cohort study , population , gynecology , colposcopy , hazard ratio , poisson regression , cohort study , cohort , cervical cancer , confidence interval , cancer , genetics , physics , environmental health , optics , biology
Please cite this paper as: Kalliala I, Anttila A, Dyba T, Hakulinen T, Halttunen M, Nieminen P. Pregnancy incidence and outcome among patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: a retrospective cohort study. BJOG 2012;119:227–235. Objective To investigate the effect of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) treatment on incidence of pregnancy and pregnancy outcome. Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland, the sole reference centre in the Helsinki–Uusimaa region for women referred for colposcopy. Population A cohort of 6179 women treated for CIN between 1974 and 2001, and a randomly selected, age‐ and municipality‐matched, reference population of 30 436 women. Methods Based on nationwide registers, all women were followed‐up for pregnancy outcomes until death, emigration, sterilization, or until the end of 2004. Main outcome measures Incidence of any pregnancy, livebirths, miscarriages, extrauterine pregnancies, molar pregnancies, and terminations of pregnancies (TOPs) before and after CIN treatment, estimated by calculating hazard ratios (HRs) with stratified Cox regression and Poisson regression. Results After CIN treatment, both incidence of pregnancy (HR 1.20; 95% CI 1.15–1.26; P < 0.001) and incidence of livebirths (HR 1.12; 95% CI 1.06–1.18; P < 0.001) were higher among the treated women than among the reference population. Before treatment, only incidence of pregnancy had been elevated among those treated (HR 1.06; 95% CI 1.04–1.09; P < 0.001). The incidence of extrauterine pregnancies and of TOPs was significantly elevated among those treated both before and after CIN treatment. Conclusions No clear evidence emerged of adverse effects resulting from the CIN treatment itself, because the women treated had more pregnancies and more children than their reference population. TOPs and extrauterine pregnancies were more common among the treated women already before the CIN treatment.